Difference between revisions of "Family Dynamics"

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(American Family and Class Dynamics)
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==== Lareu (2003) ====
 
==== Lareu (2003) ====
  
* two parenting styles, concerted cultivation and the accomplishment of natural growth.  
+
* two parenting styles, concerted cultivation and the accomplishment of natural growth.
* Middle-class children learn a sense of “entitlement.”  (104-105)
+
* two types of child rearing, “concerted cultivation” or “the accomplishment of natural growth.”   
* division of the classes in America: into middle and working or poor
+
* division of the classes in America: into middle and working or poor. Only two classes. Two distinct socio-cultural groups.
 +
* Socio-cultural: family income and assets, as well as parenting styles, how they view and carry responsibilities. Reflects parents education, occupation, and aspirations for children.
 +
* divides American families into social classes not by income solely, but by income in combination with the educational level and occupation of the parents, as well as by where and how the families live.
 
* parental education and occupation as much as income in identifying a family’s class
 
* parental education and occupation as much as income in identifying a family’s class
 
* “cultural capital” is accumulated and passed on within families: The bourgeois
 
* “cultural capital” is accumulated and passed on within families: The bourgeois
 +
* consider the educational level of the parents, their occupation, their assets.
 +
* cultural capital: set of attitudes, values and expectations that children absorb in childhood and carry with them into adulthood.
 +
* assets or resources: investment on children: time, money, media.
 +
* working class parenting style: it is assumed that schools and teachers are there to educate children, with minimal input from parents. little participation of parents.  Are expected to grow up naturally, without the constant monitoring and periodic intervention of parents. Working class children are sent out into the world without much mentorship.
 +
* middle class parenting style: hectic, obligations of homework, extracurricular activities (sports, music, theater and church). Structured activities. Calendar. Management of time.  Guidance and enriching experiences.
 +
* Middle-class children learn a sense of  “entitlement.”  (104-105)
  
 +
"Middle-class parents who comply with current professional standards and engage in a pattern of concerted cultivation deliberately try to stimulate their children’s development and foster their cognitive and social skills. … For working-class and poor families, sustaining children’s natural growth is viewed as an accomplishment." (5)
  
* Lareau (1989):
+
“these different philosophies and approaches to child rearing … appear to lead to the transmission of differential advantages to children (5).”
  
* Seiter (1993):
+
"sense of entitlement characteristic of the middle class. They acted as though they had a right to pursue their own individual preferences and to actively manage interactions in institutional settings…. The working class and poor children, by contrast, showed an emerging sense of constraint in their interactions in institutional settings. They were less likely to try to customize interactions to suit their own preferences." (6)
  
* Seiter (2008):
 
  
* Alters (2004):
 
  
== Immigrant Family ==
+
 
 +
====Seiter (1993) Seiter (2008)====
 +
 
 +
==== Alters (2004) ====
 +
 
 +
==== Horst (2010) ====
 +
 
 +
* Parents motivations and belies about parenting, as well as personal histories and interest in media: are reflected in parents attitudes toward new media.
 +
 
 +
 
 +
= Immigrant Family =
  
 
Challenges, goals, mobility.
 
Challenges, goals, mobility.
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Lower status of immigrant. Lower position in society.  
 
Lower status of immigrant. Lower position in society.  
 +
 +
New media consumption: computer, internet, mobile.
 +
 +
What is the role of immigrants parents as guides and regulators regarding new media uses? youth participation in new media environment, practices?
 +
 +
Limited previous experiences with new media, with digital technologies. Sometimes with very limited literacies even in their own language.
 +
  
 
==== Segmented Assimilation and Acculturation ====
 
==== Segmented Assimilation and Acculturation ====
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* Inequality is shaping the future, opportunities, and pathways since early age.  
 
* Inequality is shaping the future, opportunities, and pathways since early age.  
 +
 +
* injustices inherent in our existing socio-economic arrangements
 +
 +
* upward mobility? downward?
 +
  
 
= References =  
 
= References =  

Revision as of 11:01, 12 November 2014

American Family and Class Dynamics

Scholars have study how social class, socioeconomic status, and class positioning influence family dynamics and parenting styles, including how their approaches to media use, media at home, consumption, and placement; as we;; as their approaches to schooling and their school-home relationships.

Lareu (2003)

  • two parenting styles, concerted cultivation and the accomplishment of natural growth.
  • two types of child rearing, “concerted cultivation” or “the accomplishment of natural growth.”
  • division of the classes in America: into middle and working or poor. Only two classes. Two distinct socio-cultural groups.
  • Socio-cultural: family income and assets, as well as parenting styles, how they view and carry responsibilities. Reflects parents education, occupation, and aspirations for children.
  • divides American families into social classes not by income solely, but by income in combination with the educational level and occupation of the parents, as well as by where and how the families live.
  • parental education and occupation as much as income in identifying a family’s class
  • “cultural capital” is accumulated and passed on within families: The bourgeois
  • consider the educational level of the parents, their occupation, their assets.
  • cultural capital: set of attitudes, values and expectations that children absorb in childhood and carry with them into adulthood.
  • assets or resources: investment on children: time, money, media.
  • working class parenting style: it is assumed that schools and teachers are there to educate children, with minimal input from parents. little participation of parents. Are expected to grow up naturally, without the constant monitoring and periodic intervention of parents. Working class children are sent out into the world without much mentorship.
  • middle class parenting style: hectic, obligations of homework, extracurricular activities (sports, music, theater and church). Structured activities. Calendar. Management of time. Guidance and enriching experiences.
  • Middle-class children learn a sense of “entitlement.” (104-105)

"Middle-class parents who comply with current professional standards and engage in a pattern of concerted cultivation deliberately try to stimulate their children’s development and foster their cognitive and social skills. … For working-class and poor families, sustaining children’s natural growth is viewed as an accomplishment." (5)

“these different philosophies and approaches to child rearing … appear to lead to the transmission of differential advantages to children (5).”

"sense of entitlement characteristic of the middle class. They acted as though they had a right to pursue their own individual preferences and to actively manage interactions in institutional settings…. The working class and poor children, by contrast, showed an emerging sense of constraint in their interactions in institutional settings. They were less likely to try to customize interactions to suit their own preferences." (6)



Seiter (1993) Seiter (2008)

Alters (2004)

Horst (2010)

  • Parents motivations and belies about parenting, as well as personal histories and interest in media: are reflected in parents attitudes toward new media.


Immigrant Family

Challenges, goals, mobility.

Brokering practices.

Marginality and disadvantage.

Lower status of immigrant. Lower position in society.

New media consumption: computer, internet, mobile.

What is the role of immigrants parents as guides and regulators regarding new media uses? youth participation in new media environment, practices?

Limited previous experiences with new media, with digital technologies. Sometimes with very limited literacies even in their own language.


Segmented Assimilation and Acculturation

Assimilation to specific segments of the US society. Different acculturation styles and parent-children relationships.


Analysis and Findings

  • Social class backgrounds frame and transform individual actions and process of assimilation.
  • American culture individualism renders invisible the key role of institutions. System is not fair, and not neutral.
  • Inequality is shaping the future, opportunities, and pathways since early age.
  • injustices inherent in our existing socio-economic arrangements
  • upward mobility? downward?


References

Alters (2004) The family in US history and culture. In Media, home, and family / Stewart M. Hoover, Lynn Schofield Clark, and Diane F. Alters with Joseph G. Champ and Lee Hood. New York : Routledge.

Alters and Schofield Clark (2004) Introduction. In Media, home, and family.

Lareu (2003) Unequal childhoods : class, race, and family life. Berkeley : University of California Press.

Lareau (1989) Home advantage : social class and parental intervention in elementary education. New York: Falmer Press.

Seiter (2008) Practicing at Home: Computers, Pianos, and Cutlural Capital.

Seiter (1993) Sold separately : children and parents in consumer culture. New Brunswick, N.J. : Rutgers University Press